Unified AI-enhanced soil and regolith catalog spanning Earth's USDA-classified soil orders, lunar regolith from Apollo samples, Martian regolith from rover analyses, and asteroid surface compositions.
Texture: Sand
Glacial till plains of the Midwestern United States, primarily Ohio and Indiana 
Texture: Silt loam surface transitioning to clay loam subsoil
Antigo Series
USDA: Fine-silty over sandy or sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Glossoboralfs
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: Silt LoampH: 4.5 - 6.5Dark grayish brown A horizon over yellowish brown B horizonQuartz, Feldspar, Illite, Smectite, Kaolinite
Ryugu Regolith (Sample C0002)
USDA: N/A (Extra-terrestrial)
Asteroid Regolith
Texture: Highly porous, brecciated, crumbly fragmentspH: N/A (Anhydrous/Vacuum)Very dark black, low albedo (approx. 0.02 reflectivity)Phyllosilicates (Saponite, Serpentine), Magnetite, Carbonates, Pyrrhotite
Martian Regolith (Phoenix Landing Site - Heimdall)
USDA: N/A (Extra-terrestrial)
Martian Regolith
Texture: Silty sand with small pebbles and subsurface icepH: 7.7 - 8.3Reddish-brown surface dust over light-grayish alkaline subsurfacePlagioclase, Pyroxene, Olivine, Magnesium Perchlorate, Calcium Carbonate
Bennu Regolith (Nightingale Site)
USDA: Not Applicable
Extraterrestrial (Asteroidal)
Texture: Bouldery rubble with fine gravelly matrixpH: Not ApplicableVery dark, blue-black (ultra-low albedo)Phyllosilicates (Serpentine/Saponite), Magnetite, Carbonates, Sulfides
Martian Regolith (Bagnold Dunes)
USDA: Not Applicable
Extraterrestrial (Martian)
Texture: Fine to medium sandpH: 7.5 to 8.5 (estimated from Gale Crater fluids)Dark olive-gray to charcoal blackOlivine, High-Ca Pyroxene, Magnetite, Plagioclase
Haplic Chernozem
USDA: Pachic Haplustolls
Terrestrial
Texture: Silt loampH: 6.5 to 8.2Jet black (mollic) horizon due to high humus contentQuartz, Muscovite, Calcite, Vermiculite
Apollo 11 Lunar Regolith (Sample 10084)
USDA: Not Applicable (Lunar Mare Soil Type A)
Extraterrestrial (Lunar)
Texture: Silty sand (well-graded)pH: None (Anhydrous)Dark gray to brownish-black with metallic luster from agglutinatesIlmenite, Pyroxene, Plagioclase, Olivine, Volcanic Glass
Drummer Series
USDA: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquolls
Terrestrial
Texture: Silty clay loampH: 5.6 to 7.3Very dark gray to black (10YR 2/1) surface horizonQuartz, Illite, Smectite, Feldspar
San Joaquin Series
Alfisols
Texture: Sandy Loam to Clay
Itokawa Regolith
USDA: N/A (Extraterrestrial)
Extraterrestrial Regolith
Texture: Coarse-grained monomict breccia and angular silicatespH: Neutral (non-aqueous environment)Dark gray to olive-grayOlivine (Forsterite), Low-Ca Pyroxene, Plagioclase, Troilite
Lunar Regolith (Apollo 17 Orange Soil / 74220)
USDA: N/A (Extraterrestrial)
Extraterrestrial Regolith
Texture: Uniform fine-grained spherical glass beadspH: Neutral (non-aqueous environment)Vivid orange to dark black-orangeVolcanic Glass, Ilmenite, Olivine
Houdek Series
USDA: Typic Argiustoll
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: LoampH: 6.6 - 8.4Very dark grayish brown (10YR 3/2) surface darkening when moistIllite, Smectite, Calcite, Quartz
Martian Regolith (Paso Robles type)
USDA: N/A (Extraterrestrial)
Extraterrestrial Regolith
Texture: Fine-grained silty sand with friable salt crustspH: 3.0 - 4.5 (estimated in aqueous suspension)Bright yellow-white to sulfur-yellow sub-surface layerMagnesium Sulfate (Kieserite), Hematite, Ferricopiapite
Cecil Series
USDA: Typic Kanhapludult
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: Sandy Clay Loam over ClaypH: 4.5 - 5.5Strong brown surface with a deep red (10R 4/8) clay subsoilKaolinite, Quartz, Goethite, Halloysite
Hermon Sandy Loam
USDA: Spodosol (Typic Haplorthod)
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: Fine Sandy LoampH: 3.5 - 5.0 (Very Acidic)Ashy gray (E-horizon) overlying a bright reddish-brown (B-horizon)Quartz, Albite, Biotite
Lunar Highland Regolith
USDA: Not Applicable (Non-terrestrial)
Extraterrestrial Regolith
Texture: Silty Sand (well-graded debris)pH: N/A (Anhydrous system)Light gray to white (High albedo compared to mare areas)Anorthite (Plagioclase Feldspar), Pyroxene, Olivine
Nipe Series Oxisol
USDA: Oxisol (Typic Acraperox)
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: ClaypH: 4.5 - 5.5 (Acidic)Dusky red (10R 3/4) to dark red throughout the profileGoethite, Hematite, Gibbsite
Martian Regolith (Rocknest)
USDA: Not Applicable (Non-terrestrial)
Extraterrestrial Regolith
Texture: Fine-grained sand and dust (well-sorted aeolian)pH: 8.0 - 9.0 (Alkaline)Reddish-brown to yellowish-orange due to pervasive iron oxide (limonite/hematite) coatingsOlivine, Pyroxene, Plagioclase, Magnetite
Tama Silt Loam
USDA: Mollisol (Typic Argiudoll)
Terrestrial Soil
Texture: Silt LoampH: 6.0 - 7.3Very dark brown to black (10YR 2/1) due to high organic matter in the mollic epipedonQuartz, Feldspar, Illite, Smectite
Lunar Mare Regolith
USDA: N/A (Extraterrestrial)
Regolith
Texture: Fine silt to fine sand; highly angular, glassy shardspH: Neutral to slightly basic (~7.0–8.5 in simulated water extract)Dark grey to blackAnorthosite (plagioclase feldspar), pyroxene, olivine, ilmenite, agglutinates